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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral defocus does not necessarily affect central refractive development.

Ruth Schippert1, Frank Schaeffel

  • 1Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, University Eye Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.

Vision Research
|June 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral refractive errors do not impact central refractive development in chicks when the central visual field is unobstructed. Significant central changes require very small openings in spectacle lenses, suggesting localized compensation mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Animal Models
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Peripheral refractive errors may influence central refractive development.
  • Previous studies in monkeys suggest peripheral visual field deprivation can induce foveal myopia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that peripheral refractive errors influence central refractive development in chicks.
  • To investigate the effect of spectacle lenses with varying central hole sizes on refractive error development.

Main Methods:

  • Chicks wore full field or partially occluded spectacle lenses (+/- 6.9 D) for 4 days.
  • Central and peripheral refractions were measured, along with axial lengths via A-scan ultrasonography.

Main Results:

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  • Full field lenses induced significant refractive changes, which were largely compensated within 4 days.
  • Lenses with central holes (4-8mm) resulted in emmetropic central refraction, with no shift observed.
  • Peripheral refractive errors were partially compensated despite central holes, but did not affect central refraction.

    • Conclusions:

    • Chickens exhibit extensive local compensation of imposed refractive errors.
    • Peripherally imposed defocus did not influence central refractive development for the tested hole sizes.
    • Altering central refractive development may require very small unobstructed central visual fields (<4mm holes).