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PCBs and cognitive functioning of Mohawk adolescents.

Joan Newman1, Amy G Aucompaugh, Lawrence M Schell

  • 1Educational Psychology and Methodology, EDU 236, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222, United States. jnewman@albany.edu

Neurotoxicology and Teratology
|July 1, 2006
PubMed
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Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in adolescents was linked to subtle negative impacts on long-term memory and comprehension. This study highlights potential cognitive effects of environmental pollution in the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurotoxicology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Industrial pollution raises concerns regarding environmental contaminants like PCBs.
  • Adolescents in the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne have potential exposure to PCBs.
  • Cognitive functioning is a critical area of health to assess in exposed populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between current body burdens of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and cognitive functioning in adolescents.
  • To assess the impact of PCB exposure on various cognitive domains, including memory and comprehension.
  • To provide evidence on the subtle effects of environmental pollution on adolescent cognitive health.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three cognitive tests: Woodcock Johnson-Revised, Test of Memory and Learning, and Ravens Progressive Matrices.

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  • Assessed 13 distinct cognitive subtests to evaluate a range of cognitive outcomes.
  • Created a summary measure of PCB levels based on detected congeners in at least 50% of participants.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant negative relationship was observed between PCB levels and two measures of long-term memory.
    • A negative association was also found between PCB levels and a measure of comprehension and knowledge.
    • While statistically significant, the observed relationships were not large, indicating subtle effects.

    Conclusions:

    • PCB body burdens in adolescents are associated with subtle negative effects on specific cognitive functions.
    • Long-term memory and comprehension appear to be particularly sensitive to PCB exposure in this population.
    • Findings underscore the importance of monitoring environmental pollutants and their impact on adolescent neurodevelopment.