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Inclusion of marbofloxacin in PMMA orthopaedic cement: an in vitro experimental study
M Cariou1, H J Boulouis, P Moissonnier
1Department of Small Animal Surgery, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Maison-Alfort, Paris, France. mattcariou@hotmail.com
Abstract:
This in vitro experimental study investigated the feasibility for marbofloxacin, a veterinary fluoroquinolone antibiotic, to retain its antibacterial activity after its inclusion in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement. The assays were conducted on gelose cultures of various types of bacteria isolated from canine spontaneous osteomyelitis. The efficiency of the antibiotics was assessed by using an antibiogram method. Resistance of marbofloxacin to the temperature observed during PMMA polymerization, antimicrobial effect of galenic, useful concentrations and comparison with gentamicin (reference antibiotic for this use) were evaluated. Marbofloxacin retained its antimicrobial activity after being heated to high temperatures reached during polymerization. The more effective galenic form to incorporate into the PMMA monomer was the marbofloxacin powder and the appropriate concentration was 1/40 degrees . In this experiment, marbofloxacin included in PMMA showed a good antimicrobial activity; however this activity was lower than gentamicin added to PMMA on Gram + and Pseudomonas bacteria.Therefore, it seems useful to incorporate marbofloxacin to PMMA cement to treat, or to prevent, osteomyelitis associated with marbofloxacin sensitive bacteria. Nevertheless, the development of a marbofloxacin-PMMA cement requires further evaluation, especially pharmacological, biomechanical and clinical.
Insights
Marbofloxacin powder in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement retains antibacterial activity for canine osteomyelitis treatment. While effective, its potency against certain bacteria is less than gentamicin.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Microbiology
- Materials Science
Background:
- Osteomyelitis is a challenging bone infection in canines.
- Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement is used in orthopedic procedures.
- Antibiotic incorporation into PMMA can enhance local infection control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess marbofloxacin's antibacterial efficacy when incorporated into PMMA.
- To determine optimal incorporation methods and concentrations for marbofloxacin-PMMA.
- To compare marbofloxacin-PMMA with gentamicin-PMMA for treating canine osteomyelitis.
Main Methods:
- In vitro study using gelose cultures of bacteria from canine osteomyelitis.
- Antibiogram method to assess antibacterial activity.
- Evaluation of marbofloxacin's resistance to PMMA polymerization temperatures.
Main Results:
- Marbofloxacin retained antimicrobial activity after exposure to PMMA polymerization temperatures.
- Marbofloxacin powder was the most effective form, with an optimal concentration of 1/40.
- Marbofloxacin-PMMA demonstrated antimicrobial activity, though less potent than gentamicin-PMMA against Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas.
Conclusions:
- Marbofloxacin-PMMA shows potential for treating or preventing osteomyelitis caused by susceptible bacteria.
- Further research is needed, including pharmacological, biomechanical, and clinical evaluations.
- Marbofloxacin-PMMA may be a viable option for localized bone infection management in veterinary medicine.