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Related Experiment Videos

Peak shift in concurrent schedules.

A S Winton, I L Beale

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |January 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pigeons learned to discriminate between stimuli. Generalization tests revealed that pigeons responded most to stimuli that were neither of the trained types, indicating a unique pattern of stimulus generalization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Animal Cognition
    • Operant Conditioning

    Background:

    • Pigeons were trained using a two-key setup (main and changeover keys).
    • Initial training involved non-differential reinforcement for pecking the main key under different visual stimuli.
    • Subsequent differential training altered reinforcement schedules based on stimulus presentation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate stimulus generalization in pigeons.
    • To examine how differential reinforcement schedules affect stimulus control.
    • To analyze generalization gradients based on multiple response measures.

    Main Methods:

    • Pigeons were subjected to non-differential and differential reinforcement schedules.
    • A changeover key allowed stimulus manipulation.

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  • Generalization tests involved presenting various stimuli without reinforcement, measuring time spent, responses, and response rate.

    • Main Results:

    • Generalization gradients were plotted using three measures: time spent, responses, and response rate.
    • Peak responding occurred at stimuli intermediate to the trained stimuli.
    • Minimum responding occurred at stimuli most similar to the trained stimuli.

    Conclusions:

    • Pigeons demonstrated stimulus generalization, with peak responding to novel stimuli.
    • The findings suggest a complex pattern of generalization beyond simple similarity.
    • Differential reinforcement schedules influenced the observed stimulus control and generalization patterns.