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Related Experiment Videos

Testing for inhibitory stimulus control with S- superimposed on S+.

J M Davis

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |May 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pigeons showed that a stimulus associated with less reward (negative stimulus) suppressed responses to a preferred stimulus (positive stimulus). This challenges definitions of inhibitory control that require increased responding to stimuli further from the negative one.

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    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral psychology
    • Animal cognition

    Background:

    • Stimulus control is fundamental in understanding learned behaviors.
    • Inhibitory stimulus control is defined by response suppression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate inhibitory stimulus control in pigeons using a successive discrimination task.
    • To examine consistency between different operational definitions of inhibitory control.

    Main Methods:

    • Pigeons were trained to discriminate between a positive stimulus (red) and a negative stimulus (vertical line).
    • Reinforcement schedules varied for the negative stimulus (variable-interval 5-min or extinction).
    • Transfer tests assessed response rates to stimuli alone and in compound.

    Main Results:

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    • The negative stimulus, even when associated with less reward, suppressed responding to the positive stimulus.
    • No response gradients were observed for the negative stimulus dimension alone.
    • Compound stimuli (positive + negative) consistently lowered response rates compared to the positive stimulus alone.

    Conclusions:

    • The study highlights inconsistencies between different operational definitions of inhibitory stimulus control.
    • Response suppression in the presence of a negative stimulus is a key indicator of inhibitory control.
    • Findings challenge theories requiring increased responding away from a negative stimulus.