Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Sustained behavioral contrast in children.

W W Waite, J G Osborne

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |July 1, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Behavioral contrast, where behavior changes based on the reinforcement schedule, was observed in children for the first time. This study demonstrated how different schedules influence response rates in children.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Renaissance or killer mutation? A response to Holburn.

    The Behavior analyst·2012
    Same author

    A citation analysis of the influence on research of Skinner's verbal behavior.

    The Behavior analyst·2012
    Same author

    Attraction of Ditylenchus dipsaci and Meloidogyne hapla by Resistant and Susceptible Alfalfa Seedlings.

    Journal of nematology·2009
    Same author

    Pathological Interaction of a Combination of Heterodera schachtii and Meloidogyne hapla on Tomato.

    Journal of nematology·2009
    Same author

    Non-aversive reduction of cigarette smoking in two adult men in a residential setting.

    Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·1998
    Same author

    Themes, taxons, and trial types in children's matching to sample: methodological considerations.

    Journal of experimental child psychology·1998
    Same journal

    The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    Same journal

    Shaping the extinction burst: Increasing its probability and preventing its emergence across topographies.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    Same journal

    Evaluating the combined effects of effort and probability on monetary discounting.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    Same journal

    An improved translational approach to studying persistence-strengthening effects of differential reinforcement of alternative behavior.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    Same journal

    Interactions between the effects of food and water motivating operations on concurrent food- and water-reinforced responding in mice.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    Same journal

    Odor-visual and visual-visual matching to sample with dogs.

    Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
    See all related articles

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Child Development
    • Operant Conditioning

    Background:

    • Behavioral contrast is a phenomenon where the rate of responding on one schedule is affected by the presence of another schedule.
    • Previous research has primarily focused on demonstrating behavioral contrast in animal subjects.
    • The applicability and manifestation of behavioral contrast in pediatric populations remained largely unexplored.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of behavioral contrast in children.
    • To examine how different reinforcement schedules influence response rates in a pediatric sample.
    • To provide the first empirical evidence of sustained behavioral contrast in children.

    Main Methods:

    • Children were exposed to two types of multiple schedules: (1) two variable-interval schedules, and (2) a variable-interval schedule paired with an extinction schedule.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Response rates were systematically recorded and compared across different components of the schedules.
  • The study analyzed changes in response rates within and between schedule components.

    • Main Results:

    • When both components involved variable-interval schedules, response rates were consistent across both.
    • In the multiple variable-interval extinction schedule, response rates differed significantly between components.
    • Response rates were notably higher in the variable-interval component when paired with extinction compared to when paired with another variable-interval schedule, demonstrating sustained behavioral contrast.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained behavioral contrast was successfully demonstrated in children for the first time.
    • The findings indicate that children exhibit behavioral contrast, similar to animal models.
    • This study extends the understanding of operant conditioning principles to child behavior, highlighting the impact of differential reinforcement schedules.