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Extinction-induced aggression during errorless discrimination learning.

M Rilling, H J Caplan

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

|July 1, 1973

Summary

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Pigeons learned to peck a key when it was green but not when dark. Surprisingly, attacking a target pigeon increased during the dark period, showing aggression is linked to non-rewarded stimuli.

Area of Science:

Animal behavior
Operant conditioning
Avian cognition

Background:

Pigeons can be trained to discriminate between visual stimuli.
Aggression in pigeons can be studied as a response to specific environmental cues.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate pigeon behavior during a visual discrimination task.
To examine the relationship between reinforcement, extinction, and aggressive responses in pigeons.

Main Methods:

Pigeons were trained to discriminate between a green light (reinforcement) and a dark key (extinction).
The opportunity to attack a restrained target pigeon was introduced during the discrimination task.
Attack rates were measured in the presence of both green and dark stimuli over 45 sessions.

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Main Results:

Pigeons acquired the discrimination with few errors.
Attack rates were higher during the dark key (extinction) phase compared to the operant level.
Attack rates remained elevated during extinction and also occurred during the green light stimulus, though less frequently.
Removing reinforcement during the green light significantly reduced attack behavior during extinction.

Conclusions:

Aggressive behavior in pigeons is influenced by non-rewarded stimuli during operant conditioning.
The presence of a discriminative stimulus for extinction can elicit and maintain aggressive responses.
Reinforcement history plays a critical role in modulating aggressive behaviors in pigeons.