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Related Experiment Videos

Maximizing and matching on concurrent ratio schedules.

R J Herrnstein, D H Loveland

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |July 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pigeons on concurrent variable-ratio schedules typically maximize reinforcements per response. This behavior aligns with predictions for equal and unequal ratios, supporting reinforcement principles.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral science
    • Animal behavior studies
    • Operant conditioning research

    Background:

    • Pigeons are frequently used in operant conditioning research.
    • Concurrent schedules of reinforcement are common in behavioral studies.
    • Understanding response allocation is key to behavioral economics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if pigeons maximize reinforcements per response under concurrent variable-ratio schedules.
    • To compare pigeon behavior with maximization requirements under different ratio conditions.
    • To assess the consistency of these findings with the matching law.

    Main Methods:

    • Pigeons were exposed to concurrent variable-ratio variable-ratio schedules.
    • Response distributions were recorded across the two alternatives.

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  • Data were analyzed to determine if reinforcement maximization occurred.

    • Main Results:

    • Pigeons generally maximized reinforcements per response, especially when ratios were unequal.
    • When ratios were equal, no specific response distribution was favored.
    • Behavioral conformity to maximization principles was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Pigeon behavior on concurrent variable-ratio schedules aligns with maximization principles.
    • Findings support the role of reinforcement maximization in response allocation.
    • Results are consistent with the matching law in concurrent interval schedules.