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Response and time allocation in concurrent second-order schedules.

P G Beautrais, M C Davison

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pigeons trained on concurrent schedules showed that response and time allocation measures reveal different preferences. This challenges the idea that response and time measures are equivalent in understanding choice behavior.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral psychology
    • Animal behavior studies
    • Operant conditioning research

    Background:

    • Concurrent schedules of reinforcement are used to study choice behavior in animals.
    • Understanding how animals allocate responses and time is crucial for behavioral economics.
    • Previous research often assumes response and time measures are interchangeable indicators of preference.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate pigeons' choice behavior under concurrent variable-interval schedules with varying peck requirements.
    • To compare response allocation and time allocation as measures of preference.
    • To determine if response and time measures are equivalent in reflecting schedule-based choices.

    Main Methods:

    • Six pigeons were trained on two-key concurrent variable-interval schedules.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • The number of key pecks required to complete a response varied between conditions.
  • Response and time allocation ratios were measured and compared to reinforcement rate ratios.

    • Main Results:

    • Response and time allocation ratios under-matched obtained reinforcement rate ratios when peck requirements were equal or unequal.
    • Response allocation was biased towards schedules with fewer required pecks.
    • Time allocation varied directly with the ratio of required pecks, contrasting with response allocation.

    Conclusions:

    • Pigeons exhibit different preferences depending on whether response or time allocation is measured.
    • Response measures indicate a preference for schedules with lower peck requirements.
    • Time measures indicate a preference for schedules with higher peck requirements, challenging equivalence assumptions in choice research.