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Interresponse-time shaping by variable-interval-like interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies.

J R Platt

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals that reinforcement schedules influence response rates by considering the time between responses. Modifying these contingencies, even without changing overall reinforcement timing, significantly increases response rates in operant conditioning.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Operant Conditioning
    • Animal Behavior

    Background:

    • Variable-interval (VI) schedules are common in operant conditioning research.
    • Current analyses of VI schedules often overlook the role of interresponse-time (IRT) reinforcement contingencies.
    • Understanding these contingencies is crucial for accurately predicting response rates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies on response rates.
    • To determine if manipulating IRT contingencies affects response rates independently of interreinforcement interval distributions.
    • To challenge existing models of variable-interval response rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Mimicked IRT reinforcement contingencies by linking reinforcement probability to IRT duration relative to the mean interreinforcement interval.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Eliminated direct IRT contingencies by basing reinforcement probability on a prior IRT (the fifth preceding IRT).
  • Conducted experiments with pigeons or similar subjects responding on key-peck tasks.

    • Main Results:

    • Response rates consistently increased when direct IRT contingencies were eliminated, even when interreinforcement interval distributions remained unchanged.
    • This effect of IRT contingency manipulation was additive with the effect of mean reinforcement rate.
    • The findings were replicated in a second experiment, confirming their robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • Current analyses of variable-interval response rates may be incomplete by neglecting inherent IRT reinforcement contingencies.
    • The temporal structure of responses, not just the overall rate of reinforcement, significantly impacts behavior.
    • Future research should incorporate IRT contingencies into models of operant behavior.