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Related Experiment Videos

An invariant relation between changing over and reinforcement.

L R Dreyfus, L G Dorman, J G Fetterman

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study introduces a quantitative relation predicting reinforcer acquisition in concurrent schedules. More reinforcers are obtained during schedule changes, especially when relative reinforcement rates are low, impacting choice behavior.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral psychology
    • Animal behavior research

    Background:

    • Concurrent schedules of reinforcement are fundamental in studying choice behavior.
    • Reinforcer delivery can be irregular, yet significant reinforcers are often obtained during transitions between schedules.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a quantitative relation predicting reinforcer proportions in concurrent schedules.
    • To investigate the influence of schedule transitions on overall reinforcer intake.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a quantitative model relating reinforcer acquisition to time spent on schedules.
    • Collected data from a stationary bird and a live pigeon under concurrent schedules.
    • Tested the model across variations in reinforcement rate, scheduling interdependence, and reinforcement distributions.

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    Main Results:

    • The model accurately predicted reinforcer proportions based on time allocation.
    • A higher proportion of reinforcers were obtained immediately after switching schedules, particularly when relative reinforcement rates were below .50.
    • The findings held across diverse procedural modifications.

    Conclusions:

    • The quantitative relation effectively predicts reinforcer acquisition in concurrent schedules.
    • The local distribution of reinforcement, especially during schedule changes, significantly influences responding and choice.
    • This framework offers implications for understanding choice behavior and reinforcement mechanisms.