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Related Experiment Videos

Variable-interval schedules of timeout from avoidance.

M Perone, M Galizio

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study demonstrates that timeout from shock postponement effectively reinforces rat behavior when it involves schedule suspension, challenging previous findings. This research provides a method for studying negative reinforcement like positive reinforcement.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Animal Behavior
    • Operant Conditioning

    Background:

    • Rats were trained on concurrent schedules involving shock postponement and timeout periods.
    • Timeout involved suspension of the shock-postponement schedule and removal of associated stimuli.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reinforcing efficacy of timeout from shock postponement in rats.
    • To determine if timeout functions as a reinforcer under intermittent schedules.
    • To clarify the role of schedule suspension versus stimulus change in timeout reinforcement.

    Main Methods:

    • Experiment 1: Rats responded on a lever for timeout, tested under variable-interval and multiple schedules.
    • Experiment 2: Timeout consequence altered to maintain shock-postponement schedule during timeout periods.

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    Main Results:

    • Responding for timeout was established and maintained under variable-interval schedules.
    • Timeout functioned as a reinforcer, contradicting prior research.
    • Responding extinguished when the shock-postponement schedule was not suspended during timeout.

    Conclusions:

    • Suspension of the shock-postponement schedule, not stimulus change, is the critical factor for timeout reinforcement.
    • Timeout can be an effective reinforcer under intermittent schedules, similar to positive reinforcement.
    • This study establishes a procedure for studying negative reinforcement in rats.