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Interpersonal contingencies: Performance differences and cost-effectiveness.

D R Schmitt

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |September 1, 1987
    PubMed
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    Competition and cooperation contingencies yielded more cost-effective results than individual work. While competitive responding rates were high, participants often chose not to compete, suggesting strategic engagement with reinforcement schedules.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral psychology
    • Reinforcement learning

    Background:

    • Understanding reinforcement contingencies is crucial for predicting behavior.
    • Previous research has explored individual, cooperative, and competitive reinforcement structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare performance differences and cost-effectiveness across individual, cooperative, and competitive reinforcement contingencies.
    • To analyze response rates and choices within a concurrent operant setting.

    Main Methods:

    • College students participated in pairs under three conditions: individual, cooperative, or competitive reinforcement.
    • A concurrent setting was employed, offering a primary contingency and a lower-paying individual alternative.
    • Response rates and choices between contingencies were recorded.

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    Main Results:

    • Individual and cooperative contingencies generally resulted in high overall response rates.
    • Competitive contingencies showed substantially lower overall response rates, despite high rates when competition occurred.
    • Competition and cooperation were more cost-effective (responses per unit reinforcer).
    • High competitive responding rates were observed in longer contests or when the alternative was absent.

    Conclusions:

    • Cooperative and competitive reinforcement schedules can be more cost-effective than individual ones.
    • Participant choice significantly impacts overall response rates in competitive settings.
    • Contest duration and alternative availability influence engagement in competitive behavior.