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Related Experiment Videos

Plasma nitrite reserve and endothelial function in the human forearm circulation.

Tienush Rassaf1, Christian Heiss, Ulrike Hendgen-Cotta

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|July 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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Plasma nitrite levels rise during forearm reactive hyperemia in healthy individuals, indicating good endothelial function. This increase is absent in patients with endothelial dysfunction, suggesting nitrite measurement as a diagnostic tool for vascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Vascular Biology
  • Biomedical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by reduced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, is a key indicator of vascular disease.
  • Early detection of endothelial dysfunction is crucial for therapeutic and prognostic management.
  • Plasma nitrite levels serve as a reliable marker for endothelial NO-synthase activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether local plasma nitrite concentration increases during forearm reactive hyperemia.
  • To assess the correlation between plasma nitrite changes and endothelial function.
  • To explore the potential of plasma nitrite assessment during reactive hyperemia for diagnosing vascular function.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy subjects and patients with endothelial dysfunction (defined by reduced flow-mediated dilation [FMD]) were studied.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Plasma nitrite and nitrate levels were measured at baseline and during reactive hyperemia using chemiluminescence and flow-injection analysis.
  • Brachial artery diameter changes (FMD) were assessed using high-resolution ultrasound.

    • Main Results:

    • Forearm reactive hyperemia significantly increased plasma nitrite in healthy subjects (68 to 126 nmol/L, p < 0.01).
    • In contrast, plasma nitrite remained unchanged in patients with endothelial dysfunction (116 to 104 nmol/L, n.s.).
    • Healthy subjects exhibited significantly greater FMD (8.5%) compared to those with endothelial dysfunction (2.9%, p < 0.001).

    Conclusions:

    • Plasma nitrite concentration during reactive hyperemia reflects endothelial function.
    • Changes in plasma nitrite levels during reactive hyperemia correlate with FMD.
    • Assessing local plasma nitrite during reactive hyperemia may offer a novel diagnostic approach for vascular function.