Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Risk assessment for creatine monohydrate.

Andrew Shao1, John N Hathcock

  • 1Council for Responsible Nutrition, 1828 L St., NW, Suite 900,Washington, DC 20036-5114, USA. ashao@crnusa.org

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|July 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Creatine monohydrate is a popular sports supplement with proven ergogenic benefits for high-intensity exercise. Research indicates a safe upper intake level of 5 grams daily for chronic creatine supplementation, with insufficient data for higher long-term doses.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evolving Cancer Characteristics Among World Trade Center Survivors: An Updated Analysis from the WTC Environmental Health Center.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2026
Same author

A Framework for Developing Intake and Use Guidance for Dietary Supplement Bioactives.

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)·2026
Same author

Nutrition's role in extending healthspan: CRN-international symposium report.

European journal of nutrition·2026
Same author

Identification of Key Molecular Pathways and Associated Genes as Targets to Overcome Radiotherapy Resistance Using a Combination of Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Glioma Patients.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Perspective: Council for Responsible Nutrition Science in Session. Optimizing Health with Nutrition-Opportunities, Gaps, and the Future.

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)·2023
Same author

Potential Efficacy of Nutrient Supplements for Treatment or Prevention of COVID-19.

Journal of dietary supplements·2021

Area of Science:

  • Sports Nutrition
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Creatine monohydrate is widely used in sports supplements for its ergogenic properties.
  • Research supports creatine's benefits for high-intensity, short-burst activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and determine the Observed Safe Level (OSL) for creatine monohydrate supplementation.
  • To assess the risk associated with various creatine intake levels based on existing human and animal research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic evaluation of human and animal studies, including acute (high dose, short duration) and chronic (lower dose, longer duration) supplementation protocols.
  • Application of the Observed Safe Level (OSL) risk assessment method to analyze safety data.
  • Analysis of data from studies involving doses up to 20 g/d (acute) and 3-5 g/d (chronic).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • The OSL risk assessment method identified 5 grams per day as the OSL for chronic creatine supplementation, with strong evidence of safety.
  • Acute supplementation studies at higher doses (up to 20 g/d) have not shown adverse effects.
  • Data for chronic intakes exceeding 5 g/d are insufficient to confidently conclude long-term safety.

Conclusions:

  • Creatine monohydrate supplementation up to 5 g/d is considered safe for chronic use based on OSL methodology.
  • While higher acute doses may be safe, long-term safety beyond 5 g/d requires further investigation.
  • The findings provide a basis for safe creatine intake recommendations in sports nutrition.