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Primate molecular divergence dates.

Michael E Steiper1, Nathan M Young

  • 1Department of Anthropology, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10021, USA. msteiper@hunter.cuny.edu

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
|July 4, 2006
PubMed
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This study estimates primate divergence dates using genomic data, revealing a Cretaceous common ancestor for all primates (77 mya) and an early Miocene split for Asian and African apes (18 mya).

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Phylogenetics
  • Paleogenomics

Background:

  • Genomic data analysis significantly enhances the number of informative sites for molecular divergence dating.
  • Accurate molecular divergence dates are crucial for understanding primate evolutionary history.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate molecular divergence dates for major primate groups using comprehensive genomic data.
  • To provide a robust timeline for primate evolutionary events, including the origin of apes and monkeys.

Main Methods:

  • Bayesian analysis of approximately 59.8 kilobase pairs (kbp) of genomic data from 13 primate species and 6 mammalian outgroups.
  • Utilized paleontologically supported calibration estimates to constrain divergence time estimates.

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Main Results:

  • Estimated a Cretaceous last common ancestor for extant primates at approximately 77 million years ago (mya).
  • Dated the divergence between platyrrhine and catarrhine primates to the Eocene (approximately 43 mya).
  • Indicated an Oligocene origin for apes and Old World monkeys (approximately 31 mya) and an early Miocene divergence of Asian and African great apes (approximately 18 mya).

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a Cretaceous origin for primates and provide refined divergence times for key primate lineages.
  • These molecular clock estimates offer a valuable framework for comparative evolutionary studies within primates.