Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026
05:34
5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
Published on: April 4, 2025
Infectious complications in chronic kidney disease
Sakina B Naqvi1, Allan J Collins
1Chronic Disease Research Group, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA.
Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|July 4, 2006
Summary
Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face 3-4 times higher rates of severe infectious complications. Improving vaccination rates for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia can enhance prevention strategies for these vulnerable patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Infectious complications are a major cause of illness and death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
- Preventable infectious events in CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) populations are under-recognized.
- Understanding infection risks and vaccination gaps is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare infectious hospitalization rates in CKD and ESRD populations versus the general population.
- To evaluate current vaccination rates for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia in CKD patients.
- To identify areas for improved infection prevention in individuals with kidney disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of infectious hospitalization rates (pneumonia, sepsis/bacteremia, UTIs) in Medicare CKD, ESRD, and non-CKD populations.
- Analysis of vaccination claims data for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia.
- Comparison of outcomes between CKD/ESRD and non-CKD/ESRD groups.
Main Results:
- CKD patients experienced infectious complications at rates 3 to 4 times higher than the general population.
- Influenza vaccination rates were 52%, significantly below the 90% target.
- Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccination rates were only 13.5%, falling short of recommendations.
Conclusions:
- Chronic kidney disease is linked to substantially higher rates of major infectious complications.
- Low vaccination rates for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia represent a critical gap in preventive care.
- Reducing dialysis catheter use and increasing vaccination uptake can improve infection prevention in CKD patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
01:18Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...