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HIV-associated nephropathy.

Salman Khan1, Lukas Haragsim, Zoltan G Laszik

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|July 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) causes kidney failure in HIV-1 patients. Highly active antiretroviral therapy improves outcomes and prevents end-stage renal disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a major cause of progressive kidney failure in HIV-1-seropositive individuals.
  • Extensive research has been conducted since the 1980s on HIVAN's epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment.
  • Understanding of HIVAN's clinical features, pathology, course, and outcomes has significantly advanced.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current data on HIVAN.
  • To detail the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of HIVAN.
  • To focus on treatment options, including pharmaceuticals and renal replacement therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on HIVAN.
  • Analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and pathological findings.

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  • Evaluation of treatment strategies and outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has markedly improved outcomes for HIV-1 infection.
    • HAART has demonstrated efficacy in preventing end-stage renal disease in HIVAN patients.
    • Knowledge regarding HIVAN's clinical presentation and progression has expanded.

    Conclusions:

    • HIVAN remains a significant cause of kidney disease in HIV-1 patients.
    • Effective management of HIV-1 infection with HAART is crucial for renal protection.
    • Comprehensive understanding and tailored treatment are essential for managing HIVAN.