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Immunological response to two hepatitis B vaccines administered in two different schedules

K M Girisha1, J R Kamat, G Nataraj

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai. girishkatta@gmail.com

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|July 4, 2006
PubMed

Insights

The 0, 1, 6 month vaccination schedule induces a higher antibody response for hepatitis B than the 0, 1, 2 month schedule. Both schedules provide excellent protection with plasma-derived and recombinant vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern.
  • Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for preventing HBV transmission.
  • Vaccines containing pre-S and S antigens may offer enhanced immunogenicity compared to S antigen-only vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the immunogenicity of a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine (pre-S and S antigens) with a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (S antigen only).
  • To evaluate two different vaccination schedules: 0, 1, 2 months versus 0, 1, 6 months.
  • To assess antibody response, seroconversion, and seroprotection rates in infants.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial involving 159 healthy infants.
  • Infants received either the plasma-derived or recombinant hepatitis B vaccine according to one of the two schedules.
  • Anti-HBs antibody titers were measured before vaccination and one month after the second and third doses.

Main Results:

  • Both vaccine types demonstrated high rates of seroconversion and seroprotection.
  • Antibody responses were comparable between the plasma-derived and recombinant vaccines.
  • The 0, 1, 6 month schedule resulted in significantly higher anti-HBs antibody levels compared to the 0, 1, 2 month schedule.

Conclusions:

  • The 0, 1, 6 month vaccination schedule is superior in inducing higher antibody levels for hepatitis B.
  • Both tested hepatitis B vaccines, regardless of antigen composition, achieve good seroconversion and seroprotection rates.
  • The choice of vaccination schedule significantly impacts the magnitude of the antibody response.
Abstract

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