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Elastolysis in lichen ruber planus.

K Dahlbäck1, L Y Sakai

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Lund, University Hospital, Sweden.

Acta Dermato-Venereologica
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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In lichen ruber planus, the amorphous component of elastic fibers is destroyed during inflammation, while the fibrillin network remains intact. This suggests targeted elastolysis affecting elastic fibers in skin conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Histopathology
  • Connective Tissue Biology

Background:

  • Lichen ruber planus is an inflammatory skin condition affecting the epidermis and dermis.
  • Elastic fibers, composed of an amorphous component and microfibrils, provide skin elasticity.
  • Alterations in dermal connective tissue are implicated in various skin diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the integrity of the dermal elastic fiber network in lichen ruber planus.
  • To differentiate the behavior of the amorphous component versus the microfibrillar component during the disease process.

Main Methods:

  • Standard elastin staining (orcein) and immunofluorescence/avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex techniques using anti-fibrillin antibodies were employed.
  • Skin specimens from five patients with lichen ruber planus and two healed lesions were analyzed.

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  • Comparison was made with apparently normal skin.

    • Main Results:

    • Orcein-stained elastic fibers were scarce or absent in the inflammatory zone of active lesions.
    • An extensive fibrillin immunoreactive network was observed in the papillary dermis, similar to normal skin.
    • In healed lesions, orcein-stained fibers reappeared in the papillary dermis.

    Conclusions:

    • The amorphous component of elastic fibers is degraded during the acute phase of lichen ruber planus, a process termed elastolysis.
    • Macrophage-derived elastases are hypothesized to cause this degradation.
    • The fibrillin microfibrillar network appears largely unaffected during the inflammatory phase.