[Hyperprolactinaemia--pitfalls in PRL assessment].

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Clinical Chemistry
• Hormone Assays

Context:

• Hyperprolactinaemia is a common endocrine symptom, not a disease itself.
• PRL secretion is pulsatile, diurnal, and influenced by stress, diet, and stimulants.
• Macroprolactin, a polymeric form, can cause elevated PRL levels with diminished biological activity.

Purpose:

• To highlight the complexities in interpreting prolactin (PRL) levels.
• To emphasize the importance of clinical context in diagnosing hyperprolactinaemia.
• To discuss potential errors and the role of macroprolactin in assessment.

Summary:

• Laboratory findings for PRL require cautious interpretation alongside clinical data.
• Factors like pulsatile secretion, diurnal variation, and macroprolactin can affect results.
• Accurate assessment involves fasting blood draws, dynamic testing, and considering tumor size.

Impact:

• Improved diagnostic accuracy for hyperprolactinaemia.
• Reduced misdiagnosis due to macroprolactin interference.
• Guidance for effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in managing elevated PRL levels.