Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:57

Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: May 12, 2023

A comparison of booster immunisation with a combination DTPa-IPV vaccine or DTPa plus IPV in separate injections when

H Marshall1, T Nolan, D Roberton

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Children's Youth and Women's Health Service and University of Adelaide, SA, Australia. helen.marshall@adelaide.edu.au

Vaccine
|July 11, 2006
PubMed

Insights

GSK

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Vaccinology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood immunization schedules typically include boosters for diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, and poliovirus.
  • The second dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is usually administered between 4-6 years of age.
  • Evaluating combined vaccine administration is crucial for optimizing vaccination schedules and reducing patient burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, and inactivated poliovirus (DTPa-IPV) vaccine.
  • To compare this combined vaccine with separate DTPa and IPV injections when co-administered with the MMR vaccine.
  • To determine if the combined DTPa-IPV vaccine impacts the immunogenicity of the MMR vaccine.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized study involving 362 children aged 4-6 years, previously primed with DTPa, OPV, and MMR vaccines.
  • Participants received either a combined DTPa-IPV vaccine or separate DTPa and IPV injections, both concomitantly with the MMR vaccine.
  • Antibody levels were measured before and one month after vaccination to assess immunogenicity.

Main Results:

  • Both vaccine regimens induced seroprotective antibody levels against diphtheria, tetanus, and poliovirus.
  • High vaccine responses were observed for pertussis antigens (PT, FHA, PRN) and seropositivity for measles, mumps, and rubella.
  • Local reactions, such as swelling, were common but the DTPa-IPV combination did not increase adverse events compared to separate injections.
  • The immunogenicity of the MMR vaccine was unaffected by the co-administration of either DTPa-IPV or DTPa+IPV.

Conclusions:

  • The combined DTPa-IPV vaccine is immunogenic as a booster dose in children aged 4-6 years.
  • It demonstrates a similar reactogenicity profile to the DTPa vaccine when administered separately.
  • Co-administration of the DTPa-IPV vaccine with the MMR vaccine does not compromise the immunogenicity of either vaccine.

More Related Videos

Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice06:32

Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

Published on: September 19, 2016

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice08:52

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...