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Reemergence of dengue virus type-3 (subtype-III) in India: implications for increased incidence of DHF & DSS

Paban Kumar Dash1, Man Mohan Parida, Parag Saxena

  • 1Division of Virology, Defence R&D Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior- 474002, MP, India. pabandash@rediffmail.com

Virology Journal
|July 11, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Dengue virus type 3, subtype III, dominated a 2004 Indian outbreak, replacing serotype 2. This shift may increase severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) cases.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dengue virus infection is endemic in India, with all four serotypes identified.
  • Major dengue outbreaks occurred in northern India in 2003 and 2004.
  • Previous outbreaks were associated with dengue serotype 2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the 2004 dengue outbreak in northern India.
  • To identify the circulating dengue virus serotype and subtype.
  • To understand the molecular epidemiology of the outbreak.

Main Methods:

  • Serosurveillance using dipstick ELISA on 162 serum samples.
  • Detection of dengue virus RNA using RT-PCR.
  • Subtyping and genotyping via nested PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the C-prM gene junction.

Main Results:

  • Serological tests showed 11% IgM, 51% IgG, and 38% dual antibody positivity.
  • RT-PCR confirmed dengue RNA in 17 samples.
  • Genotyping identified dengue virus type 3, subtype III, as the causative agent.

Conclusions:

  • Dengue virus type 3 (subtype III) emerged as the dominant serotype, replacing serotype 2 (subtype IV).
  • This serotype shift is a significant concern for public health in India.
  • The dominance of DENV-3 may correlate with an increased incidence of DHF and DSS.

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