Effect of selected neuroleptic agents and stereo-isomeric analogues on virus and eukaryotic cells

Chlorpromazine, cis(Z)-chlorprothixene (Truxal), and the non-neuroleptic trans(E)-chlorprothixene and trans(E)-flupenthixol were studied in vitro for possible antiviral effect on Herpes simplex virus 2 and for toxic effect on human diploid fibroblasts. Based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antiviral activity was demonstrated for all the compounds in the concentration range 0.39 micrograms/ml-25 micrograms/ml. A cell-toxic effect was shown in the higher concentration range for all the compounds except cis(Z)-chlorprothixene. A cell-stimulatory effect was also detected at the lower concentration range (about 3.13 micrograms/ml) for all compounds. Thus both cell stimulation and antiviral effect can be found for the same agent within the same concentration range. The results point to the possibility of creating different antiviral drugs--which would also include a cell-stimulatory activity--among psychopharmacological drugs and their stereoisomeric analogues.