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Ratiometric Biosensors that Measure Mitochondrial Redox State and ATP in Living Yeast Cells
12:22

Ratiometric Biosensors that Measure Mitochondrial Redox State and ATP in Living Yeast Cells

Published on: July 22, 2013

Effect of oxidative stress on dynamics of mitochondrial reticulum

O Yu Pletjushkina1, K G Lyamzaev, E N Popova

  • 1A. N. Belozersky Institute, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia. pletjush@genebee.msu.ru

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|July 11, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Oxidative stress causes mitochondrial fission, a process linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Antioxidants like MitoQ can prevent this, suggesting a role in mitochondrial elimination (mitoptosis).

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics
  • Oxidative Stress

Background:

  • Mitochondrial reticulum undergoes fission and perinuclear aggregation under oxidative stress.
  • The thread-grain transition is a key morphological change in mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondrial fission.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of mitochondrial fragmentation and elimination (mitoptosis).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized inhibitors of the respiratory chain (piericidin, myxothiazol) and a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ).
  • Induced oxidative stress using hydrogen peroxide and local photodamage.
  • Observed mitochondrial morphology and electrical independence in HeLa cells and fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • Respiratory chain inhibitors and hydrogen peroxide induced mitochondrial fission.
  • MitoQ inhibited stress-induced fission and altered mitochondrial network structure.
  • Mitochondrial depolarization was observed upon photodamage in MitoQ-treated cells.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial fission (thread-grain transition) is dependent on ROS production from the respiratory chain.
  • This process is a necessary step for the elimination of damaged mitochondria (mitoptosis).

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