Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Randomized Controlled Trial to Study the Acute Effects of Strength Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Adults
Published on: December 1, 2023
Insulin sensitivity: gender-related differences in subjects with normal glucose tolerance
G P Carnevale Schianca1, L Castello, R Rapetti
1Internal Medicine, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Perimenopausal women experience increased insulin resistance, a key metabolic syndrome indicator, compared to younger women and age-matched men. This shift suggests menopause triggers significant metabolic changes impacting insulin sensitivity.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Health
- Women's Health
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence increases with age.
- Hormonal fluctuations during perimenopause may influence metabolic health.
- Understanding sex-based differences in metabolic changes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if age and perimenopause onset herald metabolic syndrome in females versus males.
- To compare insulin sensitivity and resistance between sexes across different age groups.
Main Methods:
- Studied 368 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (ADA definition).
- Measured insulin sensitivity (ISI-glycaemia) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) using oral glucose tolerance tests.
- Analyzed differences between age groups and sexes, adjusting for BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).
Main Results:
- Perimenopausal females showed decreased insulin sensitivity and increased insulin resistance compared to younger/older females and age-matched males.
- Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly higher in females aged 45-54 (2.9+/-1.8) versus males (2.2+/-1.2).
- These findings persisted after adjusting for hypertension, WHR, and BMI.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic syndrome onset during menopause is linked to physiological insulin resistance shifts.
- These changes occur even in individuals with normal glucose tolerance.
- Menopause-associated metabolic shifts are critical for understanding metabolic syndrome development.
More Related Videos
08:13Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
Published on: January 7, 2018
06:59Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
Published on: November 13, 2016
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Hyperglycemia
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...