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Related Experiment Videos

Developmental differences in false-event rejection: Effects of memorability-based warnings.

Simona Ghetti1, Paola Castelli

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. sghetti@ucdavis.edu

Memory (Hove, England)
|July 11, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Children aged 7 and 9, but not 5, used a memorability-based strategy to reject false memories when warned about event memorability. Older children better distinguished high- from low-memorability false events.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Metacognition

Background:

  • The memorability-based strategy, a metacognitive process, helps individuals reject false events they don't recall and deem highly memorable.
  • Previous studies indicate only older children spontaneously employ this strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if providing information on expected event memorability and its inferences can induce the use of the memorability-based strategy in children.
  • To examine developmental differences in strategy adoption and reliance.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 144 children aged 5, 7, and 9, who were interviewed about true and false autobiographical events (high- and low-memorability).
  • Participants were exposed to either a standard interview or one with warnings about event memorability, which were either congruent or incongruent with strategy use.

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Main Results:

  • Memorability-congruent warnings significantly increased false-event rejection rates in 7- and 9-year-olds, but not 5-year-olds.
  • Older children (7 and 9) were more likely to reject high-memorability false events compared to low-memorability false events, indicating a more refined strategy use.

Conclusions:

  • Providing age-appropriate warnings can facilitate the use of the memorability-based strategy in children.
  • Developmental factors significantly influence the adoption and effectiveness of metacognitive strategies in memory evaluation.