Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy: remission with cytarabine

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Oncology

Background:

• Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
• Neurological involvement in sarcoidosis can manifest as lesions.
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of PML in a patient with a history of sarcoidosis.
• To describe the diagnostic process and treatment outcome.

Main Methods:

• Clinical presentation of a patient with sarcoidosis and neurological symptoms.
• Brain biopsy for histopathological confirmation of PML.
• Treatment with cytosine arabinoside.

Main Results:

• A progressive left cerebral hemisphere lesion was identified.
• Brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PML.
• The patient achieved remission after treatment with cytosine arabinoside.

Conclusions:

• PML can occur in patients with sarcoidosis.
• Cytosine arabinoside may be an effective treatment for PML in this context.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.