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Related Experiment Videos

Toddler anxiety disorders: a pilot study.

Susan L Warren1, Polina Umylny, Emily Aron

  • 1The George Washington University, Ross 550, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA. psyslw@gwumc.edu

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|July 13, 2006
PubMed
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Modified criteria for social phobia (SOC) showed validity in toddlers, unlike generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) criteria. This study refined diagnostic tools for early anxiety detection in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Accurate diagnosis of anxiety disorders in toddlers is crucial for early intervention.
  • Existing diagnostic criteria may require modification for application in very young children.
  • Social phobia (SOC) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are common anxiety disorders in childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the validity of modified DSM-IV criteria for diagnosing social phobia (SOC) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in toddlers.
  • To assess the convergent and discriminant validity of these modified diagnostic criteria.

Main Methods:

  • A semistructured clinical interview, including child observations, was used for diagnoses.
  • Parents and caregivers completed questionnaires on child behavior, temperament, and socioemotional functioning.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Convergent and discriminant validity were tested using these behavioral and emotional measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Of 72 children (18 months to 5 years), 19 met modified SOC criteria and 29 met modified GAD criteria.
    • Children meeting modified SOC criteria showed higher anxiety symptoms, shyness, and had anxious parents.
    • Modified GAD criteria did not consistently differentiate anxious children or relate to non-anxiety constructs.

    Conclusions:

    • Initial evidence supports the convergent and discriminant validity of the modified SOC criteria for toddlers.
    • The modified GAD criteria did not demonstrate sufficient validity in this toddler sample.
    • Further research is needed to refine diagnostic approaches for anxiety disorders in early childhood.