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Electrical forces for microscale cell manipulation.

¹Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. voldman@mit.edu

Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

|July 13, 2006

Summary

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Electrical forces like electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis enable precise microscale cell manipulation. These methods are crucial for cell separation and targeted positioning in advanced microsystems, impacting cell health considerations.

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Microfluidics
Cell Biology

Background:

Microscale cell manipulation is essential for various biological applications.
Electrical forces offer non-invasive methods for controlling cells at the microscale.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the principles and applications of electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis for microscale cell manipulation.
To discuss the impact of these electrical forces on cell health.
To highlight device examples for cell separation and handling.

Main Methods:

Examination of fundamental principles of electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis.
Analysis of electrode designs for generating electrical fields.
Review of existing microsystems utilizing these forces for cell manipulation.

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Main Results:

Electrophoresis relies on cell charge and electric fields, while dielectrophoresis depends on cell polarizability.
Both forces can effectively separate cell mixtures and position individual cells.
Potential impacts on cell viability and function were considered.

Conclusions:

Electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis are powerful tools for microscale cell manipulation.
Microsystems employing these forces have significant potential in cell-based assays and diagnostics.
Further research should focus on optimizing force application while ensuring cell viability.