Rapid progression of small cell carcinoma in a renal transplant recipient

Immunosuppression is thought to be responsible for the increased incidence of tumor development after organ transplantation. Natural history of these tumors may be more aggressive than would be expected for a similar tumor in a patient without transplant. We describe the fulminant course of small cell carcinoma, likely of prostatic origin, in a kidney transplant patient. Small cell carcinoma (SCC) and especially SCC of the prostate is an aggressive and rare type of tumor. Due to its rarity, only case reports have been published. To our knowledge, this is the first case of SCC, likely of prostatic origin, in an organ transplant recipient (OTR). The case illustrates the aggressiveness of the disease as reflected by its fulminant progression, which may have been further accentuated by the immunosuppression.