Salmonella typhi in a child with urinary tract infection and urolithiasis

Area of Science:

• Pediatric infectious diseases
• Urology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children, but Salmonella species are a rare etiology.
• Salmonella-associated UTIs are often linked to underlying structural urinary tract abnormalities or immunosuppression.

Observation:

• A case of an 11-year-old girl presenting with a UTI is described.
• The infection was identified as Salmonella typhi.
• The patient also had urolithiasis (kidney stones).

Findings:

• This case demonstrates Salmonella typhi as a causative agent of UTI in a pediatric patient.
• The co-occurrence of UTI and urolithiasis in this context is notable.
• The review discusses the infrequent occurrence and potential associations of Salmonella UTIs in children.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of considering Salmonella species, particularly Salmonella typhi, in pediatric UTIs, especially when urolithiasis is present.
• Suggests that children with Salmonella UTIs may warrant thorough evaluation for underlying genitourinary abnormalities or compromised immune status.
• Contributes to the limited literature on Salmonella typhi-related urinary tract infections in pediatric populations.