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Retinoic acid and chick limb bud development.

C Tickle1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.

Development (Cambridge, England). Supplement
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Retinoic acid (a vitamin A derivative) influences chick limb development by specifying cell position and coordinating pattern formation with morphogenesis. Its application alters gene expression and bud shape, impacting limb structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Embryology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • The chick limb bud is a model for studying vertebrate embryonic pattern formation.
  • Retinoic acid (RA) is a potential endogenous morphogen influencing positional information.
  • Homeobox genes, like XlHbox 1, are investigated as RA targets in limb development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of retinoic acid in chick limb patterning and morphogenesis.
  • To explore the relationship between RA, XlHbox 1 expression, and positional specification.
  • To elucidate how RA coordinates patterning with bud shape changes and proliferation.

Main Methods:

  • Exogenous application of retinoic acid to chick limb buds.
  • Grafting experiments to alter limb patterning.
  • Analysis of XlHbox 1 gene expression domains.
  • Studies on apical ridge morphology and mesenchymal proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Retinoic acid application altered chick wing pattern and bud shape.
  • XlHbox 1 expression domain expanded when anterior cells formed posterior structures.
  • Expanded XlHbox 1 expression correlated with shoulder girdle abnormalities.
  • RA appears to specify mesenchyme cell position, influencing apical ridge interaction and proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Retinoic acid plays a crucial role in specifying mesenchyme positional information within the developing limb.
  • This positional specification, mediated by RA, influences apical ridge morphology and subsequent mesenchymal proliferation.
  • RA is integral to coordinating limb patterning with overall morphogenesis, impacting structures like the shoulder girdle.

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