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Alcohol and human performance.

D J Glencross1

  • 1Applied Psychology Research Unit, School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.

Drug and Alcohol Review
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Alcohol impairs human performance, especially under demanding conditions. Increased information load and task complexity reveal consistent alcohol-induced performance declines.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Performance Studies

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is widespread, with significant implications for cognitive and motor functions.
  • Understanding alcohol's impact on human performance is crucial for public health and safety.
  • Existing research presents a complex picture of alcohol's effects, necessitating a structured review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review studies on alcohol's effects on human performance.
  • To analyze these effects through the lens of the information processing model.
  • To identify conditions under which alcohol consistently impairs performance.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of alcohol's impact on various information processing stages.

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  • Categorization of studies based on task complexity and cognitive load.

    • Main Results:

    • Effects of alcohol on simple tasks are often equivocal.
    • Performance deterioration becomes significant with increased information load.
    • Incompatible stimulus-response requirements and parallel processing amplify alcohol's negative effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The information processing model provides a valuable framework for understanding alcohol's effects.
    • Alcohol's detrimental impact on human performance is most evident in complex, high-demand situations.
    • Task complexity and cognitive load are critical moderators of alcohol-induced performance deficits.