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Cancer genetic testing and assisted reproduction
Kenneth Offit1, Kelly Kohut, Bartholt Clagett
1Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021, USA. offitk@mskcc.org
Summary
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) allows selecting embryos free of cancer mutations for families with hereditary cancer syndromes. This technology offers new reproductive choices to reduce the risk of passing on cancer predisposition.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive genetics
- Oncology
- Medical ethics
Background:
- Growing use of cancer genetic testing and improved survival in young cancer patients necessitate reproductive counseling.
- Families with hereditary cancer syndromes face complex decisions regarding future generations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) as a reproductive option for families with hereditary cancer syndromes.
- To assess the current landscape and future implications of PGD in cancer genetics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published studies on PGD and hereditary cancers.
- Survey of PGD centers in the United States to gather data on current practices.
Main Results:
- PGD has been utilized for embryo selection in over a dozen familial cancer syndromes.
- This includes common hereditary predispositions to colon and breast cancer.
Conclusions:
- PGD presents novel reproductive avenues for cancer-affected families.
- Further discussion is required to establish medical indications and ethical guidelines for PGD in hereditary cancer syndromes.