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Continuous dielectrophoretic size-based particle sorting.

Jason G Kralj1, Michael T W Lis, Martin A Schmidt

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|July 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Continuous-flow dielectrophoresis (DEP) in microfluidic devices enables size-based particle separation. This study demonstrates how DEP forces and hydrodynamic drag cause larger particles to deflect more, achieving effective fractionation of microspheres.

Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Biophysics
  • Particle Science

Background:

  • Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a phenomenon used for manipulating particles in non-uniform electric fields.
  • Microfluidic devices offer precise control over fluid dynamics and particle manipulation at small scales.
  • Particle size-dependent separation is crucial in various applications, including diagnostics and purification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate continuous-flow particle separation based on size using dielectrophoresis in a microfluidic device.
  • To investigate the influence of electric field gradients generated by slanted electrodes on particle movement.
  • To model and experimentally validate the particle displacement based on size, voltage, and flow rate.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a microfluidic device with an array of slanted, planar, interdigitated electrodes fabricated using soft-lithography.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed polystyrene microspheres in a neutrally buoyant aqueous solution as model particles.
  • Applied dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces induced by electric field gradients to deflect particles transversely.
  • Balanced DEP forces with hydrodynamic drag to achieve size-dependent particle separation.
  • Developed a mathematical model to predict particle displacement and validated it experimentally.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved continuous-flow separation of particles based on size within the microfluidic device.
    • Demonstrated that larger particles experience greater transverse deflection than smaller particles.
    • Modeled particle flow behavior, predicting fourth-order dependence on particle size and voltage, and second-order dependence on inverse flow rate.
    • Experimentally verified the model across various flow rates, particle sizes, and electric field strengths.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous-flow dielectrophoretic separation based on particle size is feasible in microfluidic systems.
    • The developed model accurately predicts particle displacement, offering a valuable tool for microfluidic device design.
    • This technique provides an effective method for fractionating particle suspensions, with potential applications in various scientific fields.