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Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from N,N-methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine in coolant oils

Vishal Madan1, Mike H Beck

  • 1Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Dermatology division, University of Manchester, School of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Manchester, UK. vishalmadan@doctors.net.uk

Contact Dermatitis
|July 18, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Metalworking fluids (MWF) can cause occupational hand dermatitis. A study found that a specific biocide, N,N-methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine, and formaldehyde in MWF were likely causes of allergic reactions in exposed workers.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Dermatology
  • Chemical Sensitization
  • Industrial Hygiene

Background:

  • Occupational hand dermatitis is prevalent in the metal processing industry.
  • Metalworking fluids (MWF) contain biocides as preservatives.
  • Biocides are recognized as potential sensitizers causing allergic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate allergic reactions to N,N-methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine in workers exposed to MWF.
  • To determine the relevance of this biocide and formaldehyde in occupational dermatitis (OD).

Main Methods:

  • Patch testing of 318 patients with suspected OD against N,N-methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine (1% in petrolatum).
  • Analysis of material safety data sheets to confirm biocide presence in used MWF.
  • Evaluation of positive reactions to formaldehyde.

Main Results:

  • 15 out of 318 patients (4.7%) showed positive allergic reactions to the biocide.
  • Relevance was confirmed in 7 cases by matching MWF composition.
  • 11 patients (73%) had positive reactions to formaldehyde, suggesting co-sensitization.

Conclusions:

  • N,N-methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine is a significant allergen in MWF causing occupational hand dermatitis.
  • Formaldehyde allergy likely contributes to dermatitis in workers exposed to this biocide.
  • Identifying specific biocides in MWF is crucial for diagnosing and managing occupational skin conditions.

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