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Related Experiment Videos

Are there interactive processes in speech perception?

James L McClelland1, Daniel Mirman, Lori L Holt

  • 1Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. jlm@cnbc.cmu.edu

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|July 18, 2006
PubMed
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Lexical information aids speech perception by influencing sound processing before full recognition. This interactive approach suggests that our knowledge of words shapes how we process sounds, even at early stages.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Speech perception is often impaired by ambiguous or degraded auditory signals.
  • The role of lexical information (word knowledge) in overcoming these challenges is debated.
  • Two main theoretical frameworks exist: interactive and autonomous models of speech processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence concerning the influence of lexical information on speech perception.
  • To evaluate predictions of interactive versus autonomous models.
  • To determine if lexical influences affect pre-lexical processing stages.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing empirical studies and theoretical arguments.
  • Analysis of findings related to phonological processes and lexical effects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Synthesis of evidence supporting interactive processing models.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence supports interactive models, showing lexical influences impact pre-lexical mechanisms.
    • Observed effects include compensation, adaptation, and retuning of phonological processes.
    • These effects challenge the autonomous view of strictly feed-forward processing.

    Conclusions:

    • Lexical information actively modulates pre-lexical speech processing.
    • Interactive processing is a fundamental principle in speech perception.
    • This principle may extend to perception in other sensory modalities.