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Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, CD4-like molecules.

Eva-Stina Edholm1, James L Stafford, Sylvie M Quiniou

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
|July 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Two novel CD4-like molecules were identified in channel catfish, exhibiting distinct structures and gene organization. Both are T cell specific and upregulated in stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes, suggesting a role in catfish immune responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Comparative Genomics

Background:

  • CD4 molecules are crucial T cell co-receptors in vertebrates.
  • The evolutionary and functional diversity of CD4-like (CD4L) molecules in non-mammalian species remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel CD4L molecules in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).
  • To investigate the gene organization, expression patterns, and potential immune relevance of these catfish CD4L molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis and gene identification.
  • Southern blotting and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) mapping.
  • Quantitative gene expression analysis (RT-PCR) in various tissues and stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL).

Main Results:

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  • Two distinct CD4L molecules, IpCD4L-1 and IpCD4L-2, were identified with low amino acid identity (19%) and differing domain structures.
  • IpCD4L-1 shares gene organization similarity with vertebrate CD4, while IpCD4L-2 exhibits a different genomic structure.
  • Both IpCD4L-1 and IpCD4L-2 are single-copy genes, located on the same BAC, and primarily expressed in lymphoid tissues and non-B-cell PBL.
  • Expression of both molecules is upregulated by concanavalin A (ConA) and alloantigen stimulation, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), indicating T cell-specific activation.

Conclusions:

  • Channel catfish possess at least two unique CD4L molecules with distinct molecular and genomic characteristics.
  • These molecules are T cell-specific and responsive to T cell activation signals, suggesting a conserved role in adaptive immunity.
  • Further functional studies are required to elucidate the precise immunological roles of IpCD4L-1 and IpCD4L-2 in channel catfish.