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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos
09:08

Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos

Published on: March 26, 2014

First human face allograft: early report.

Bernard Devauchelle1, Lionel Badet, Benoit Lengelé

  • 1Departement of Maxillofacial Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens, France. devauchelle.bernard@chu-amiens.fr

Lancet (London, England)
|July 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Facial composite tissue transplantation is a viable option for extensive facial defects, offering good cosmetic and functional outcomes. This case study shows successful reconstruction with excellent appearance, sensation, and patient acceptance.

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Area of Science:

  • Reconstructive surgery
  • Transplantation immunology
  • Facial anatomy

Background:

  • Extended soft tissue facial defects pose significant reconstructive challenges.
  • Autologous tissue transfers often result in suboptimal cosmetic and functional outcomes.
  • Composite tissue transplantation is explored as a valuable alternative for facial reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of composite facial tissue transplantation for extensive defects.
  • To assess the cosmetic, functional, and sensory recovery following facial allotransplantation.
  • To investigate the management of immunosuppression and rejection in facial transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • A 38-year-old patient received a composite facial allograft (central and lower face) from a brain-dead donor.

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Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

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Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
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Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Published on: December 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos
09:08

Facial Transplants in Xenopus laevis Embryos

Published on: March 26, 2014

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
09:14

Surgical Approach to Full Soft Tissue Face Allograft Procurement for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Published on: December 30, 2025

  • Surgical procedures included revascularization of facial vessels, mucosal repair, nerve anastomoses (sensory and motor), and skin closure.
  • Immunosuppression involved thymoglobulin, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, and donor bone marrow infusions.
  • Postoperative follow-up included routine tests, biopsies, physiotherapy, and psychological support.

    • Main Results:

    • The initial postoperative course was uneventful with no surgical complications.
    • The bone marrow graft and immunosuppression were well tolerated, with mild rejection signs managed by prednisone.
    • Excellent anatomical and psychological integration, along with recovery of sensation, was observed.
    • Early functional recovery included improved eating and speech, with ongoing physiotherapy for dynamic lip motion.

    Conclusions:

    • Four-month outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of composite facial tissue transplantation.
    • The procedure shows early success in terms of appearance, sensitivity, and patient acceptance.
    • Long-term functional results will be assessed, but initial findings support the graft's success.