Hepatitis C virus interacts with human platelet glycoprotein VI

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) interacts with human platelets in vivo as a potential transport of infectious virions to the target liver. The binding of native viral particles with the platelet membrane glycoprotein VI (GPVI) was analysed. A consistent interaction between HCV from plasma or after purification by two different methods and the recombinant extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains of human GPVI (hD1D2) was observed with two independent experimental approaches: pull-down and ELISA assays. Between 2 and 7 % of HCV particles were specifically bound to hD1D2. The binding was inhibited by an anti-hD1D2 in a dose-dependent manner. Human D1D2 interaction with HCV was significantly higher than the murine D1D2, supporting the specificity of the interaction and to the single human domains (D1 and D2), suggesting that both Ig-like domains of the molecule are required for efficient binding. GPVI may be a platelet surface ligand for HCV playing a role in viral transport and persistence.