Phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphatase myotubularin-related protein 6 negatively regulates CD4 T cells
Shekhar Srivastava1, Kyung Ko, Papiya Choudhury
1Department of Pharmacology, The Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Abstract:
Intracellular Ca2+ levels rapidly rise following cross-linking of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and function as a critical intracellular second messenger in T-cell activation. It has been relatively under appreciated that K+ channels play an important role in Ca2+ influx into T lymphocytes by helping to maintain a negative membrane potential which provides an electrochemical gradient to drive Ca2+ influx. Here we show that the Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa3.1, which is critical for Ca2+ influx in reactivated naive T cells and central memory T cells, requires phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphatase [PI(3)P] for activation and is inhibited by the PI(3)P phosphatase myotubularin-related protein 6 (MTMR6). Moreover, by inhibiting KCa3.1, MTMR6 functions as a negative regulator of Ca2+ influx and proliferation of reactivated human CD4 T cells. These findings point to a new and unexpected role for PI(3)P and the PI(3)P phosphatase MTMR6 in the regulation of Ca2+ influx in activated CD4 T cells and suggest that MTMR6 plays a critical role in setting a minimum threshold for a stimulus to activate a T cell.
Insights
Myotubularin-related protein 6 (MTMR6) inhibits the KCa3.1 channel, a key player in T-cell activation. This finding reveals MTMR6
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- T-cell activation involves a rapid rise in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels, mediated by the T-cell receptor (TCR).
- Potassium (K+) channels are crucial for maintaining the membrane potential necessary for driving Ca2+ influx into T lymphocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of the Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa3.1, in T-cell activation.
- To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of KCa3.1 by phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate (PI(3)P) and its associated phosphatases, specifically myotubularin-related protein 6 (MTMR6).
Main Methods:
- Investigated the interaction between KCa3.1, PI(3)P, and MTMR6 in reactivated naive and central memory T cells.
- Assessed the impact of MTMR6-mediated inhibition of KCa3.1 on Ca2+ influx and proliferation in human CD4 T cells.
Main Results:
- The Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa3.1, requires PI(3)P for its activation.
- Myotubularin-related protein 6 (MTMR6) inhibits KCa3.1 channel activity.
- MTMR6 acts as a negative regulator of Ca2+ influx and proliferation in reactivated human CD4 T cells by inhibiting KCa3.1.
Conclusions:
- MTMR6 plays a significant role in regulating Ca2+ influx in activated CD4 T cells.
- MTMR6 is critical in establishing a threshold for T-cell activation, highlighting a novel regulatory pathway involving PI(3)P and MTMR6.
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