Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Treatment-resistant depression.

Daniel Souery1, George I Papakostas, Madhukar H Trivedi

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. dsouery@ulb.ac.be

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|July 20, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) lacks clear diagnostic criteria, leading to misdiagnosis. Further research is needed to establish consensus on TRD definition and optimal pharmacotherapy strategies for effective patient management.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cumulative depressive burden, functional impairment, depressive symptomatology and treatment response in Major Depressive Disorder: results from the STAR∗D and GSRD studies.

Journal of psychiatric research·2026
Same author

Novel approaches in depression treatment: from rapid-acting antidepressants to personalized interventions.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

Association between anxious depression and clinical outcomes in subjects with treatment-resistant depression: a comparative effectiveness research trial for antidepressant incomplete and non-responders with treatment-resistant depression (ASCERTAIN-TRD).

International clinical psychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Efficacy and Clinical Relevance of Adjunctive Cariprazine Treatment in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Post Hoc Analyses from a Phase III Study.

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment·2026
Same author

Depression severity and efficacy outcomes: post hoc analyses from a phase 3 trial of esmethadone for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder with inadequate response to standard antidepressants.

International clinical psychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Recommendations for the Deprescribing of Psychotropic Medications: A Consensus Statement From the American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology Task Force.

JAMA network open·2026

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is prevalent in major depressive disorder management.
  • Lack of consensus on TRD diagnostic criteria complicates clinical practice.
  • Misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment are common issues in patients with presumed TRD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the need for consensus on TRD diagnostic criteria.
  • To emphasize accurate diagnosis by considering organic causes and treatment failures.
  • To identify the need for further research into predictors and optimal management strategies for TRD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding and challenges in defining TRD.
  • Analysis of diagnostic considerations including primary/secondary causes and treatment response criteria.
  • Discussion of existing and needed research on TRD predictors and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Current TRD definitions lack consensus on treatment response criteria (dose, duration, compliance).
  • Clinical validation of staging models for TRD is required.
  • Predictors of resistance after multiple failed antidepressant trials need further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate TRD diagnosis requires consensus on treatment response and staging.
  • Optimization, augmentation, and switching are current TRD management strategies.
  • Controlled clinical trials are essential to determine the most effective TRD treatment strategies.

Related Experiment Videos