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Does the frontal airbag avoid thoracic injury?

G Matthes1, U Schmucker, E Lignitz

  • 1Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Sauerbruchstr., 17 487 Greifswald, Germany. gerrit.matthes@uni-greifswald.de

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
|July 20, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Frontal airbags, while standard safety features, do not eliminate chest injuries in car accidents. Research indicates a higher relative risk of thoracic injury for drivers using airbags compared to those without.

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Area of Science:

  • Traffic safety research
  • Injury biomechanics
  • Automotive engineering

Background:

  • Airbags are established car safety devices.
  • Recent studies suggest airbags can cause injuries.
  • Physicians often underestimate chest injury risk in airbag-deployed accidents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and pattern of thoracic injuries in car drivers protected by frontal airbags.
  • To compare chest injury risks between drivers with and without deployed airbags.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective surveillance of traffic accidents involving car drivers from 2001-2004.
  • Analysis of 188 car drivers, comparing those with deployed airbags (54) versus those without (134).
  • Calculation of relative risk for sustaining chest injury with or without airbag deployment.

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Main Results:

  • 16 of 54 (29.6%) drivers with airbags sustained chest injuries, versus 30 of 134 (22.4%) without.
  • Mean Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for chest injuries was higher with airbags (2.3) than without (1.6).
  • Belted drivers with airbags had a relative risk of 1.96 for chest injury compared to those without.

Conclusions:

  • Frontal airbags do not definitively prevent chest injuries.
  • The relative risk of sustaining significant thoracic injury appears higher in restrained drivers with deployed frontal airbags.