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Related Experiment Videos

Screening for prostate cancer.

D Ilic1, D O'Connor, S Green

  • 1Monash University, Australasian Cochrane Centre, Monash Institute of Health Services Research, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168. dragan.ilic@med.monash.edu.au

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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See all related articles

Current prostate cancer screening research is limited. Two trials show no significant reduction in prostate cancer mortality, with insufficient evidence to support or refute screening. More data is needed on quality of life and harms.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Prostate cancer screening aims to reduce mortality and improve quality of life.
  • Debate exists regarding screening effectiveness due to limited high-quality research and diagnostic test limitations (PSA, DRE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if prostate cancer screening reduces mortality and impacts quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing screening versus no screening.
  • Searched multiple electronic databases and hand-searched journals for published and unpublished trials.
  • Included two RCTs with 55,512 participants, noting methodological weaknesses.

Main Results:

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  • Meta-analysis of two RCTs revealed no statistically significant difference in prostate cancer mortality between screened and control groups (RR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.80-1.29).
  • Neither included study assessed the impact of screening on quality of life, all-cause mortality, or cost-effectiveness.

    • Conclusions:

    • Insufficient evidence exists to support or refute routine prostate cancer screening due to limited RCTs and high risk of bias.
    • Robust evidence on screening's impact on quality of life, harms, and economic value is currently lacking.
    • Results from ongoing large-scale RCTs are required for evidence-based decision-making on prostate cancer screening.