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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

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Published on: October 16, 2013
[Main causes of the emergence delay from balanced anesthesia]
Masahiko Onaka1, Hiromitsu Yamamoto
1Department of Anesthesia, Shiroyama Hospital, Habikino 583-0852.
Delayed emergence from anesthesia can be influenced by several patient and procedural factors. Anesthesiologist awareness and familiarity with balanced anesthesia techniques can shorten emergence times.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Delayed emergence from anesthesia is a recognized clinical challenge.
- Balanced anesthesia techniques are increasingly utilized in surgical settings.
Purpose:
- To identify factors influencing emergence time following balanced anesthesia.
- To analyze the impact of patient characteristics and anesthetic management on recovery.
Summary:
- This study retrospectively analyzed 1133 surgical patients receiving balanced anesthesia (propofol, ketamine, vecuronium, buprenorphine, nitrous oxide).
- Emergence time (from operation end to extubation, and extubation to leaving OR) was assessed.
- Factors identified as influencing emergence delay included ASA classification, JCS classification, patient age, surgical department, anesthesia duration, and anesthesiologist.
- The average OT time was 3.9 ± 2.6 min and TA time was 3.7 ± 2.2 min.
Impact:
- Findings suggest that anesthesiologist focus on early emergence and proficiency with balanced anesthesia can reduce recovery times.
- Optimizing anesthetic management may lead to increased rates of intraoperative extubation.
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