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Sedating effects of Humulus lupulus L. extracts.

H Schiller, A Forster, C Vonhoff

    Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology
    |July 25, 2006
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Humulus lupulus extracts demonstrated significant sedating effects, reducing activity and increasing sleep time in animal models. Alpha-bitter acids were the primary contributors to this observed central nervous system depressant activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Natural Product Chemistry

    Background:

    • Humulus lupulus (hops) is traditionally used for its calming properties.
    • Lipophilic extracts contain various bioactive compounds, including bitter acids and hop oils.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the sedating and anxiolytic activities of ethanolic and CO2 extracts of Humulus lupulus.
    • To identify the key constituents responsible for the observed pharmacological effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Administration of Humulus lupulus extracts to animal models.
    • Assessment of spontaneous locomotor activity.
    • Measurement of ketamine-induced sleeping time.
    • Evaluation of body temperature changes.
    • Anxiolytic activity testing using the elevated plus maze.

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    Main Results:

    • Both ethanolic and CO2 extracts exhibited significant central sedating effects.
    • Reduced spontaneous locomotor activity, prolonged sleeping time, and decreased body temperature were observed.
    • No anxiolytic activity was detected in the elevated plus maze test.
    • Alpha-bitter acids were identified as the most potent constituents, with beta-bitter acids and hop oil also contributing.

    Conclusions:

    • Humulus lupulus extracts possess notable central sedating properties.
    • The sedating activity is primarily attributed to lipophilic constituents, particularly alpha-bitter acids, with contributions from beta-bitter acids and hop oil.
    • The study did not find evidence for anxiolytic effects of these hop extracts.