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Related Experiment Videos

Melatonin in mood disorders.

Venkataramanujan Srinivasan1, Marcel Smits, Warren Spence

  • 1Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan.

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
|July 25, 2006
PubMed
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Circadian rhythm dysfunction may underlie depression. Melatonin secretion is altered in depressive disorders, with phase delays observed in seasonal affective disorder (SAD), suggesting melatonin

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Depressive illness exhibits cyclic patterns and diurnal symptom variations.
  • Disturbed sleep-wake and core body temperature rhythms suggest circadian system dysfunction in depression.
  • Melatonin, a key rhythm-regulating factor, is studied for its role in mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of melatonin in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
  • To examine melatonin as a potential state and trait marker for mood disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies measuring melatonin levels in saliva or plasma.
  • Analysis of studies measuring 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (melatonin's metabolite) in urine.
  • Examination of studies assessing the timing of melatonin secretion.

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Main Results:

  • Significant alterations in melatonin secretion are documented in depressive patients during acute illness phases.
  • Both the levels and timing of melatonin secretion are altered in bipolar disorder and SAD.
  • A phase delay in melatonin secretion, along with changes in its onset, duration, and offset, is observed in SAD.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin secretion patterns are significantly altered in bipolar disorder and SAD.
  • Bright light therapy, which suppresses melatonin, is effective for bipolar disorder and winter-type SAD.
  • Melatonin plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of these mood disorders.