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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
Mild executive dysfunctions in undergraduates are related to recollecting words never presented
Maarten J V Peters1, Marko Jelicic, Nicole Haas
1Maastricht University, Faculty of Psychology Department of Experimental Psychology, Maastricht, The Netherlands. m.peters@psychology.unimaas.nl
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to explore whether individual differences in executive function in undergraduate students (n = 72) contribute to false recall and recognition as obtained with the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Participants were subjected to the DRM paradigm and also were given a test designed to assess executive function--the Random Number Generation task (RNG). A relationship was found between heightened seriation on the RNG (indicating a deficiency in the ability to inhibit cognitive schemes) and false recognition of non-presented, critical lure words in the DRM paradigm. This suggests that individual differences in executive function do occur in a healthy population and that the reconstructive activity inherent in memory depends in part on executive functioning.
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