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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 11, 2013

A genomic code for nucleosome positioning.

Eran Segal1, Yvonne Fondufe-Mittendorf, Lingyi Chen

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. eran.segal@weizmann.ac.il

Nature
|July 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomes contain an intrinsic code that dictates nucleosome organization, influencing DNA accessibility. This code explains about half of all nucleosome positions in vivo, impacting gene regulation.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
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Published on: September 11, 2013

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes are organized into nucleosomes, which package DNA and control access for proteins.
  • Nucleosomes exhibit sequence preferences, binding more strongly to DNA sequences that bend sharply.
  • The in vivo relevance of these sequence preferences for nucleosome positioning and gene regulation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of DNA sequence on in vivo nucleosome positioning.
  • To develop a model predicting genome-wide nucleosome organization based on DNA sequence.
  • To understand how intrinsic nucleosome organization impacts chromosome functions.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution isolation of nucleosome-bound DNA sequences from yeast.
  • Development of a computational approach to model nucleosome-DNA interactions.
  • Experimental validation of the nucleosome-DNA interaction model.
  • Genome-wide prediction of nucleosome organization.

Main Results:

  • Genomes encode an intrinsic nucleosome organization based on DNA sequence.
  • This intrinsic organization explains approximately 50% of observed in vivo nucleosome positions.
  • A validated nucleosome-DNA interaction model was constructed.

Conclusions:

  • DNA sequence intrinsically dictates nucleosome organization in vivo.
  • Nucleosome positioning is a key regulatory mechanism affecting DNA accessibility.
  • This positioning code influences crucial chromosome functions like transcription and chromatin remodeling.